Nephrology refers to the branch of medicine that deals with the physiology and diseases of the kidneys. It specializes in the normal function of the kidneys, kidney diseases, the preservation of kidney health, and the treatment of kidney disease, which ranges from diet and medication to renal replacement therapy. Systemic conditions which affect kidney function, such as diabetes and autoimmune disease, are also studied under Nephrology. Kidney health has a significant impact on physical and mental health, along with the quality of life. Hence phycological support and advanced care planning are some of the primary roles of Nephology.